Abstract:The interest in the northern territories of Russia and the Arctic is growing. Mainly, due to the territories\' large reserves of natural resources, which, as a result of global warming, are becoming more accessible. This article analyzes the experience of the Soviet Union in the development of the Siberian North in the context of the impact of this development on the waters of the Arctic basin from the point of view of ecological history. \nTo study the problem of environmental pollution from historical positions means to constantly remember that the economy of the 20th century, by its nature, completely falls out of all previous history. In one year, this draining economy was venting smoke from fossil fuels that took millions of years to form. It was not the predatory extraction of non-renewable resources as such, but its rapidly growing pace and global scale that was new in this process.\nThe active industrial development of the Siberian North in the second half of the 20th century led to the fact that the water pollution of the Arctic basin became a serious problem for Siberia as a whole. The greatest pollution of surface waters took place in the Ob-Irtysh basin. In order to fix this situation, the CPSU СС and the Council of Ministers of the USSR Resolution No. 65 of January 15, 1981 and the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR Resolution No. 158 of March 20, 1981 “On measures to strengthen the protection of seas, rivers and other water bodies of the Arctic basin from pollution” were adopted. These resolutions approved the task of completely stopping the discharge of untreated sewage into the seas, rivers and other water bodies of the Arctic basin at the highest state level in 1981-1990. However, environmental protection measures, which were certainly useful and necessary for society as a whole, were in many ways not beneficial to industrial enterprises. Therefore, one of the primary tasks in improving the economic mechanism of environmental management was the development of an economic assessment of the damage caused by man-made pollution and destruction of nature, and the assessment of the economic responsibility of industrial enterprises for this damage. Such a document was adopted in 1991. But as a result of geopolitical changes, it was not possible to implement it.\nAnother problem was that the use of the Arctic Basin waters during the Soviet period was dominated by a super-centralized approach. It lacked any consideration of territorial specifics. In order to effectively use the waters of the Arctic Basin, it was necessary to develop a regional policy. This has not been fully implemented. The Soviet experience in the development of the North must be taken into account by the modern Russian state. In the development of the Russian North, it is necessary to rely not only on the power vertical and state corporations, but also on civil society. This will help to avoid many environmental problems in the future when moving further into the Arctic.
Abstract:It is seen that the contribution of the tourism sector to the country\'s economy has increased, and touristic facilities have been established in many different destinations. Due to the nature of tourism, these businesses located in natural areas create positive and negative effects on environmental factors. In this context, the study aimed to determine the water quality of the Batlama creek in Giresun in Turkey with statistical and analysis. The results of the water samples taken from the destinations where the touristic facilities are located on the Batlama creek are given. This study, which aims to determine the water quality of Batlama Creek, which is located within the borders of Giresun province in the Black Sea Region, was carried out between February 2022 and February 2023. The average heavy metal amounts in the water samples taken seasonally in the four designated tourism destination areas; Cr; 12.75 ppm, Mn; 255.81 ppm, Fe; 9347 ppm, Co.; 8.93 ppm Cu; 21.79 ppm, Zn; 41.54 ppm, Cd; 1.18 ppm, Pb; It was determined as 24.29 ppm. In addition, the average sediment pH and organic matter percentage were calculated as 7.68-6.12, respectively. The obtained data were statistically evaluated with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), pearson correlation analysis and clustering. By comparing these graphs with the water quality criteria and the average heavy metal content of the earth\'s crust, the level of heavy metal pollution in the stream was determined. It is possible to state that these changes in water quality in Batlama Stream are caused by the wastes of touristic facilities. In the analyzes on water pollution, it is seen that the pollution increases seasonally in summer and autumn. This situation is thought to be due to the touristic concentration in the tourism facilities and the surrounding area.It will also be a possible result that the water of the creek will cause pollution in the sea due to the spilling of its waters into the Black Sea.
Abstract:Abstract\nOver 350 million individuals throughout the globe suffer with Diabetes Mellitus (DM), a chronic disorder characterized by increased blood sugar levels, and the topic of this article. Type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes are the three most common forms of DM. Different from type 2 diabetes, which is defined by a developing resistance to insulin\'s effects, type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune illness characterized by the destruction of insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Gestational diabetes is a kind of diabetes that only manifests during pregnancy and, if managed, may have serious consequences for the developing baby. Diabetic illnesses, together with their symptoms and diagnostic procedures, are also covered. Drugs, lifestyle adjustments, physical activity, and dietary adjustments are only some of the options for treatment. Massage treatment, music therapy, and acupressure are all considered as examples of supplementary and alternative medicine. The article goes on to say that DM may have an effect on the brain system, eyes, cardiovascular system, and other organs and systems
Abstract:This paper presents the response and failure investigation of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy round-hole tubes (6061-RHTs) with different diameter-to-thickness ratios of 16.5, 31.0, and 60.0 and different hole diameters of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mm subjected to cyclic bending with different curvature ratios of -1.0, -0.5, 0.0 and +0.5. The curvature ratio is defined as the minimum curvature divided by the maximum curvature. From the experimental results, the moment-curvature curve shows a stable loop from the first cycle when the curvature ratio is -1.0. However, the moment-curvature curve gradually relaxes and becomes stable after a few cycles when the curvature ratios are -0.5, 0.0 and +0.5. The hole diameter has little effect on the above-mentioned behavior. The ovalization-curvature curve depicts an unsymmetrical, ratchetting and increasing manner as the number of cycles increases for all curvature ratios. The diameter-to-thickness ratio, hole diameter, or curvature ratio has a strong influence on the above-mentioned behavior. A larger diameter-to-thickness ratio, hole diameter or curvature ratio leads to a larger ovalization. In addition, for a certain diameter-to-thickness ratio and hole diameter, the curvature range-number of cycles needed to initiate failure relationships on a log-log scale demonstrate four parallel lines for four different curvature ratios. Finally, the empirical formula proposed by Lee et al. in 2021 was employ and material parameters related to the diameter-to-thickness ratio, hole diameter, and curvature ratio were proposed to simulate the above-mentioned relationship. By comparing with the experimental results, it can be found that the simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental data.
Abstract:Despite the nationwide availability of legislation to reduce disaster losses, Canada�s disaster incidence is accelerating, disproportionately affecting the nation�s north-western Inuit communities and exacerbating the Canadian Indigenous health crisis. Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) seeks to prevent new and decrease existing disaster risk by tackling the causative hazards and vulnerabilities. This systematic literature review aims to evaluate the Canadian Arctic�s DRR profile and provide recommendations for its reform. The most prominent documented effect of disasters impacting Canadian Inuit communities was declining in health and wellbeing. Disasters were reportedly exacerbated by numerous hazards, including rising temperatures and changing weather patterns, but moreover by discriminatory, educational, infrastructural, institutional and socioeconomic vulnerabilities that significantly hampered local capacities. Reported governmental DRR efforts were scarce, owing to inadequate funding and inappropriate top-down strategies. The need for vulnerability reduction is apparent, but current recommendations focus solely on hazard management. To safeguard Inuit wellbeing from further disaster losses, this review recommends reallocating Canada�s federal budget to increase DRR funds, distributing funds equitably amongst Inuit communities using the Capacities and Vulnerabilities Assessment framework, and devolving DRR development and implementation power to local stakeholders.
Abstract:During the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, malaria epidemics broke out on the territory of the Soviet Union. During the evacuation of the population from the frontline areas, the disease spread to regions where the disease had not previously existed or it had never taken the scale of the epidemic before. The disease was brought to the north of Western Siberia together with evacuees from the Moldavian SSR. The natural conditions of the Khanty-Mansiysk National Okrug served as ideal conditions for the spread of malaria.
Abstract:Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a life-long disease marked by elevated levels of sugar in the blood, currently affecting over 350 million people worldwide. There are 3 main types; type 1 diabetes, type 2diabetes and gestational diabetes. The two most common forms are type 1 diabetes (an autoimmune disease where the immune system destroys the insulin -producing cells of the pancreas) and type 2 diabetes (characterized by gradual resistance to the effects of insulin). Gestational diabetes is the third main form and only occurs in some women during pregnancy. If untreated, gestational diabetes can damage the health of the fetus and such risks include macrosomia (high birth weight), congenital cardiac and central nervous system anomalies, and skeletal muscle malformations. There are symptoms and warning signs and diagnostic tests for diabetic diseases. There is an increasing number of drugs available for treatment of diabetes. Diabetes mellitus can affect different tissues and organs or systems in the body such as central and peripheral nervous systems, eye, cardiovascular system, oral cavity, renal system, gastrointestinal system, genital system, skin and soft tissues, bone and foot.
Abstract:The world of the Web is constantly evolving. Today, we no longer speak of a website, as was the case before 2000, but of a web application. The growing difficulty of designing web applications has given rise to solutions and tools. The Framework is one of them. Providing a serious framework for development by offering strict development rules, as well as generic and out-of-the-box components, PHP Laravel Framework is one of them. This paper aims to present the different stages of modeling and development of an information system that will be implemented by PHP Laravel by defining the main concepts involved in this information system modeling and development process. To lead and implement the end-to-end development of the said system, we apply the approach by modeling based-MDA and ATL transformation language. The result of this paper is an Ecore file, a reliable MVC2 web model, which will be the input file to generate the aforementioned system code. We validate the result of this work with a case study.
Abstract:Background:Helix aspersa mucous has many therapeutic uses as antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agents. The purpose of this research is to see how effective snail mucin-loaded gel is as a natural antibacterial and wound-healing agent.\nMaterials and Methods:Experimental mice were wounded 2 cm on their back and then treated with Garamycin or snail mucin-loaded gel. \nResults:The presence of 12 chemicals, mostly phenol derivatives, was discovered by GC-MS analysis of the mucin-loaded gel. Three gram positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, and Bacillus subtilis, and three gram negative bacteria, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeuroginosa, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, were inhibited by mucin-loaded gel. Visual results showed that only mice that were treated with mucin gel formed hair on their skin after healing. Also, results elucidated that the topical application of mucin gel decreased the wound diameter and the time to complete healing, where it took 12 days after treatment compared to 15 days for Garamycin group and 19 days for the control untreated group. In the wounded mice, there was a significant increase in IL-2, TNF-α levels, and caspase-3 activity, whereas treatment with mucin gel or Garamycin significantly decreased IL-2, TNF-α levels, and caspase-3 activity compared to the wounded control group. The molecular docking was performed for isolated compositions against IL-2, TNF-α, caspase-3 and DNA Gyrase, which showed that the inhibition efficiency for the tested compositions due to increasing its hydrophilicity.\nConclusion:As a result, H. aspersamucinloaded-gel could be used as a low-cost natural wound healing material with antibacterial properties.
Abstract:In recent years, there has been an alarming increase in hypercaloric diets. The consumption of high-fructose diets has been associated with a wide variety of metabolic diseases that are typical risk factors for stroke; stroke is currently considered the second highest cause of death worldwide. These diets have also been found to influence the magnitude of postinfarction neurodegeneration and decrease synaptic plasticity, which implies changes in dendritic morphology that could be described by fractal geometry.In the present study, Wistar rats were fed high-fructose diets for 11 weeks and subsequently subjected to cerebral ischemia; 100 photographs of histological preparations of brain slices from these rats were analyzed. These histological preparations corresponded to conventional immunohistochemistry that used microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) as a marker to visualize dendrites. Dendrite measurements were made for each photograph to determine the fractal structure of dendrites and its persistence under cerebral ischemia and high fructose consumption conditions through the box counting method.The fractal dimensions were between 1.057 and 1.585, which are the dimensions of a line and a plane, respectively. These values show that the fractal structure of the dendrites persisted despite the effects of cerebral ischemia and high fructose consumption, which allows the development of future measurements to differentiate healthy and diseased tissue in this experimental model.