Commensalism is a symbiotic interaction between two populations where one population (S1) gets benefit from (S2) while the other (S2) is neither harmed nor benefited due to the interaction with (S1). The benefited species (S1) is called the commensal and the other (S2) is called the host. Neutralism is an Absence of any interaction between members of a mixed population. i.e, The species may be living side by side but are unaware of each other and also cause no harm or nor beneficial to each other. In this paper, the system comprises of two hosts S2, S3 and one commensal S1 ie., both S2 and S3 benefit S1, without getting themselves affected either positively or adversely. Further, S2 and S3 are neutral. Here all the three species posses limited resources and with morality rate for the commensal. The model equations constitute a set of three first order non-linear simultaneous differential equations. Criteria for the asymptotic stability of all the eight critical points are established. The system would be stable if all the characteristic roots are negative.

Considering that the foundations of the child\'s personality structure are formed in the family and that the family is effective in a number of areas such as the child\'s educational life and choice of profession, the effect of the parents on the child is prominent. However, the positive interaction between the parent and the child is very valuable considering the social values and habits of the child in the family environment. The child who grows in a functional environment is seen as an independent adult. In the Islamic tradition, the child must be polite and provide a number of services. The child\'s responsibility to his or her parents comes immediately after a number of duties to God. In this tradition, the child must obey his parents, provided that they do not contradict God\'s command. However, the same condition applies to the son\'s non-Muslim parent should also obey in the framework of courtesy.

Background: The purpose of this study is to describe and predict the social determinants of accessing governmental healthcare system as indicator to health equity among patients with chronic diseases in Jordan.\nMethods: A cross-sectional structured face to face interview survey of 320 patients purposively selected from three hospitals in Amman, Jordan. The data collected included the social determinants of health (Household Income, Working Status, Educational Level, Gender, Age, Health Insurance, Perceived Distance to the Hospital), access and use of outpatient\'s clinic, and accessibility factor. Hierarchical Regression was used to predict the social determinant of accessing governmental healthcare system in Jordan. \nResults: The overall regression, including all seven predictors were statistically significant, R= .368, R2=.135, adjusted R2= .116, F (7,309) = 6.91, P <.001. Accessibility could be predicted partly from this set of variables, with approximately 12% of the variance in accessibility scores. The strongest unique predictive contribution was from household income and gender. Higher income and being female predicted higher scores on accessibility. Whereas, faraway distance between place of residency and hospital predicted lower scores on accessibility. \nConclusion: There are discrepancies between patients in accessibility based on income, gender (being male), and place of residency

In this article, we introduce the derived E-infinity and the homology of differential graded algebra and seen as an E-infinity algebra. We exhibit a couple hypotheses of the homology theory of differential graded algebraA over commutative ground ring k. Furthermore exhibit that it is proportional the minimal derived E_∞-algebra. Finally, we give satisfying fitting relations in the class E-infinity algebra.

The genus of Phaseolus vulgaris L. belonging to the family Fabaceae include many economically important species. This investigation deals with variations in karyotype features and nuclear DNA content in four genotypes: EL (Elazig), BL (Bitlis), VN (Van) and HK (Hakari) which was selected as best genotypes according to IPGRI (Internaional Plant Genetic Resources Institute) and EU-CPVO (European Union Community Plant Variety Office) criteria and used in different east parts of turkey. Chromosome numbers of all genotypes were counted to be 2n=2x=22 and the karyotypic characteristics such as TCL (total chromosome length), MCL (Mean chromosome length), CI (centromere index) and AR (arm ratio) were also described. TCL varies from 15.65 µm in the genotype EL (Elazig) to 34.24 µm in the genotype BT (Bitlis) and increases in the other genotypes. The variation in the MCL follows that recorded for TCL; it ranges between 1.42+0.10 µm in the genotype EL (Elazig) and 3.11+0.32 µm in the genotype BT (Bitlis). All of the chromosomes in genotypes HK and VN consist of eleven metacentric chromosomes, but the chromosomes in BT and EL genotypes consist of ten submetacentric chromosomes and one submetacentric chromosome. However, considerable variation is found in the values of the CI and AR among genotypes. The CI showed the highest value (46.88+0.91) in the genotype HK, to reach (43.18+0.99) in the genotype EL. On the contrary, the AR was the smallest (1.15+0.10) in genotype BT and it increased to 1.36+0.07 in the genotype EL. According to the nuclear DNA content of the four studied genotypes, the highest amount of nuclear DNA is found in the genotype BT (3.28+0.101 pg), while the lowest amount of DNA per nucleus is found in the genotype EL (1.49+0.032) as increased through the genotypes.

The purpose of this paper is to obtain an exact solution for linear as well as nonlinear Volterra integral (VIE) and integro-differential (VIDE) equations. VIE and VIDE are used widely in many applications, namely here, the charged particle motion in oscillating magnetic fields and the probability density associated with a continuous-time random walk in three dimension. The well known homotopy perturbation method (HPM) is used in this work after making some modification to the method. For some nonlinear problems, the traditional homotopy perturbation method is divergent, so we seek a modified homotopy perturbation method. The method will be named the power series homotopy perturbation method (PSHPM). This method is convergent when solving the nonlinear VIE or VIDE, and in all cases studied it converges to the closed form of the exact solution. For this method, an algorithm is successfully established to solve the linear as well as nonlinear VIE and VIDE. Finally, several examples are presented to illustrate the application of the deduced algorithm.

In the present work, electromagnetic wave properties of the Fibonacci 1DPC structure consisting of double negative materials incorporated high Tc superconductor are theoretically investigated. It is found that the quasi-periodic structure created a photonic band gap as a periodic structure. We have calculated the transmittance spectra and noticed a wide band gap which can be controlled in it by the thickness of metamaterial, superconductor layer and incidence angle. \nPhotonic band gap became more noticeable by increasing the thickness of the metamaterial and superconductor layers. The structure was affected by changing incident angle and the band gap width increase with a noticeable shift to low wavelength region. Additionally, the photonic band gap shifted to highier wavelength value with increasing the operating tempeature. Furthermore, we have studied the pressure effects and we found the change in the location and width of photonic band gap.

We use transfer matrix method (TMM) for designing nanostructured SiO2/Graphene/TiO2. These modified surfaces show higher light absorptance within visible light (400 to 750 nm) compared to that of other structures, and the variations in the absorption spectra of the present nanostructured are obtained. The maximum light absorptance increases significantly up to 99 % in the wavelength range of 400 to 750 nm. Our recent novel results clearly indicate that nanostructured SiO2/Graphene/TiO2 designed by TMM has potential application in visible photoelectronic detectors and practical optoelectronic devices.