The work pointed to nanosynthesis titanium nanoparticles (TiNPs(using Streptococcus thermophilus and weighing their biological actions.\nTiNPs were nanosynthesized by adding 0.025M titanium dioxide (TiO2) into cell free supernatant for S. thermophilus. TiO2 were used as precursor for nanobiosynthesis TiNPs. creation of TiNPs was showed by the color alteration of solution from light brown into dark brown for TiNPs . The description of nanobiosynthesis was accomplished with UV-Visible (absorbance at 377nm). SEM, XRD, AFM, EDS were used to distinguish the dimension, form (spherical) and dispersal (homogenous) and elemental analysis of nanoparticles. Biogenic TiNPs displayed antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against Klebseilla pneumonia and Staphylcoccus aureus.

Perceived capacity is as important as objective capacity assessing the overall adaptive capacity of people at the local level. Higher perceived and objective capacities generate greater total adaptive capacity. This article assesses the perceived adaptive capacity of Kashechewan First Nation located in the flood-prone southwestern James Bay region in Canada. The community is frequently disrupted by the elevated risk of spring flooding, and has experienced five major floods since its establishment in 1957. Since 2004, residents have been evacuated 13 times (every year from 2012 to 2019) mainly due to flooding risk. We surveyed 90 residents using 21 indicators to assess the community\'s perceived adaptive capacity. The results indicate that residents\' risk perception and perceived adaptive capacity are high and are reshaping their adaptive behavior. The strong positive interrelationships between human capital, social capital, governance, and other determinants also suggest high perceived adaptive capacity. The results also indicate that residents\' disaster preparedness has also improved. Climate change adaptation planning to mitigate the impacts of natural hazards also requires a nuanced understanding of the perceived capacity that contributes to overall adaptive capacity. Translating the high perceived capacity into greater total adaptive capacity would contribute to enhancing community resilience.

This research compares the addition of some oxidant agents such as Fe2+, H2O2 and mixture from both to aqueous solution of dispersive yellow 42 dye, which regarded as an organic contaminant. This work performed during the dark reaction and photo reaction under artificial UV-A light (HPML -125 watt). In reality, the addition of the oxidant agents leaded to raise the light resistance of this dye to decolorize, this results can be used to increase the life time for textile materials which painted by this dye. The removal percentage without addition oxidant agent at 20 oC was decreased from 32.710 % to 21.445, 11.439 and 8.785% for addition Fe2+, H2O2 and mixing of both respectively. Moreover, the decolorization percentage for mention materials was depressed from 94.444 to 60.869, 4.163 and 16.044 respectively. The effect of temperature determined with chose Fe2+ as oxidant agent and compared with reaction without any addition, because the change is less compared with the other studied cases. The kinetic study of the photo-decolorization process of this dye demonstrated that the generated response is pseudo-first order. The Fenton and photo-Fenton improve the resistance of dye to decolorize during illuminated by light. The dye removal rates depress with the temperature increases from 288 K to 303 K; that due to the dark reaction is exothermic, nonspontaneous and obeys the physical adsorption depending on the values of enthalpy and free energy. In the contrast, the responsed of photodecolorization for this dye is found to be endothermic m non spontaneous and less random.

The effect of Bacterially Reduced Graphene Oxide (BRGO) as inhibitory agent alone and in combination with antibiotics against some multidrug resistant (MDR) uropathogenic bacterial isolates as well as the antibiofilm activity was investigated. BRGO nanosheets were synthesized biologically by Escherichia coli strain E-NO.7 (accession no. MK685205). Different concentrations 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 10 mg/ml of BRGO nanosheets showed potent inhibitory effects of all concentrations against tested MDR uropathogenic Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates. Results showed that the growth inhibition zones increased with increasing in BRGO concentration. The combinations of BRGO (0.5 mg/ml) and different broad spectrum antibiotics exhibited enhanced antibacterial activity against all the studied isolates in comparison with the effects of antibiotics alone. It has been observed that BRGO effectively restricted biofilm formation, and the antibiofilm effect was dose- dependent, since the biofilm inhibition gradually increased with increasing in BRGO concentration.

The aim of this study was to estimate the nitrogen requirements of Holstein suckling calves at 2, 6 and 8 weeks of age. Newborn healthy calves were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=16), and the animals in each group were fed with either starters based on corn or barley. The calves received pasteurized cow milk in accordance to the herd schedule. The calves were housed in individual metabolic cages and urinary and fecal nitrogen contents were measured in samples collected for four days at 2, 6 and 8 weeks of age. Nitrogen requirement was estimated using regression analysis. Nitrogen requirement for maintenance at week 2 of age significantly (P=0.037) differed between the starters, but not at 6 and 8 weeks. Nitrogen requirement for maintenance at 8 weeks of age tended to be different between male and female calves (P=0.075), but not at weeks 2 and 6. Daily nitrogen requirements for maintenance based on the metabolic weight decreased with increase in the calf age. Nitrogen requirement for growth was affected by the type of grain in the diet at weeks 2 (P=0.068), 6 (P<0.05) and 8 (P<0.05). No effect of sex was found on nitrogen requirements for growth (P>0.05).

This study investigated pot experiment in order to simulated impact of climate change on soil properties and rice productivity. The experiment design by CRD with 3 treatments included 1) rice cultivation in ambient air temperature condition (C or Control), 2) rice cultivation in rising temperature condition (HT), and 3) rice cultivation in rising temperature and elevated CO2 concentration (HTC). Soil properties after growing season was significantly different among 3 treatments. The HTC treatment contained lowest organic matter, organic carbon, P, and K, which was essential for rice growth. Therefore, average grain yield was lowest in HTC condition and approximately 75% decreased from control. Rice seed weight in HT and HTC were 4.4% and 9.52% lower than that cultivated in normal condition. Total C, total N, and P contents in rice plant in HTC were highest and higher than rice cultivation in normal condition for 3.1%, 67%, and 3.35%, respectively. This study concluded that climate change cause nutrient accumulation (C, N and P) in plants at high levels but reduces seed weight and yield.

The polysiloxane – TiO2 nanocomposites were prepared by a solvent casting method in triethanolamine and tetrahydrofuran solvents. The prepared nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction technique, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for structural analysis and surface morphology was carried by scanning electron microscopy. The amorphous nature of polysiloxane observed in XRD spectra FTIR spectra show the characteristic peaks of Si – CH2, Si – CH3 and Ti – O – Ti confirm the formation of nanocomposites. The surface morphology shows the nanoparticles are completely embedded in the polysiloxane. Further, the DC conductivity shows the increase in conductivity with the increase in temperature due to tunneling phenomena. Among all the nanocomposites, 0.3 wt % shows the high DC conductivity of 6 х 10-5 S/cm. The dielectric spectroscopy study reveals low dielectric constant and tangent loss for 0.3 wt % nanocomposite as a result it shows high conductivity of 1.35 х 10-4 S/cm. The quality factor confirms that there is a small damping loss for 0.3 wt % of nanocomposites which is favorable for the high conductivity.