The Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is the one Ad-hoc networkin wireless which establishes sufficient communication between the vehicles. Improvingthe Quality of Service (QoS) in VANET is one among the demanding and crucial processes in recent days. For this reason, various routing protocols such as proactive and reactive onesare developed in the existing works. Even though, it still lacks because of limitations like reduced energy, packet delivery, throughput, and increased delay. Due to these shortcomings, an advanced protocol with reactive routing known as the Fitness Based Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector (FBAODV) will beintroduced in the proposed work. The functioning stages involved in this proposed work will be network formation, neighbor discovery, fitness function estimation and routing process. After forming the network with a set of wireless nodes, the routes will be discovered between the sourcenode and destination node by broadcasting the Hello message packets. Then, the nearest neighboring nodes will beidentified by calculating the Euclidean distance. Here, the fitness functionconsidered is estimated by selecting the reliable nodes based on the parameters of QoS. Consequently, the routing process will be established by finding the cost for the routing pathsthat had been deployed earlier. By using this cost value, the reliable communicating nodes will then be selected for the packets export from the source to destination. During thenetwork simulation, various performance measureswill then be taken into account for the purpose of evaluating ourproposed FBAODV protocol. Also, its efficiency will, in turn, be proved by comparing it with other traditional protocols.

Natural water is not completely free of radioactive isotopes due to the presence of beta and alpha emitters. Thus, measurements of natural radioactivity in ground, surface and domestic water have been performed in many parts of the world, mostly for assessment of the doses and risk resulting from consuming water. Gross alpha and gross beta particle activity is selected for the screening of radioactive species. The purpose of this study is to determine gross alpha and gross beta activities in water samples and asses the dose from the collected water samples. The radioactivity levels in 45 water samples were collected from tube-wells, shallow pumps, ponds and the river from different places of Kurigram district in the northern region of Bangladesh. The gross alpha and gross beta activities were measured using ZnS(Ag) scintillation counter. The average gross alpha activity concentrations were found to be 9.3±3.5 mBq/l for tube-wells, 12±4.2 mBq/l for shallow pumps, 16±3.8 mBq/l for ponds and 22±4.5 mBq/l for the river. The average beta activity concentrations were found to be 83±24 mBq/l for tube-wells, 80±24 mBq/l for shallow pumps, 252±26 mBq/l for ponds and 248±35 mBq/l for the river. The results show that the natural activities of alpha and beta emitting radionuclides in water samples did not exceed WHO recommended levels and were comparable with the data available in other parts of the world. It suggests that the radioactivity in drinking water for the people residing Kurigram is not yet a problem. This study has been undertaken to measure the radioactivity levels in water samples, as a part of environmental radioactivity-monitoring program for the assessment of radiation exposure to the population of Bangladesh.

Cloud computing is an eminent technology for providing data storage facility with efficient storage maintenance, management and remote backups. Hence, user data are shifted from customary storage to cloud storage. In this transfer, the sensitive attributes are also shifted to cloud storage with high-end security with copyright policies. Current security techniques are processed with high encryption time and provide identical security to entire data with single key dependent secrecy. These processes are leads to massive cloud space consumption and leaks entire information if hacked. The proposed Group Key Based Attribute Encryption using Modified Random Fibonacci Cryptographic (MRFC) technique rectifies these issues. Instead of machine learning technique, data owner preference based attribute segregation is used to divide input dataset into sensitive and non-sensitive attribute groups. Based on inter-organization usage and data owner willingness, sensitive attribute group is further divided into ‘n’ subgroups and each subgroup is encrypted by ‘n’ group keys. The encrypted sensitive subgroups are merged to non-sensitive attributes and uploaded into private cloud. The novelties of this paper are, (i) Data owner preferred sensitive attribute classification instead of machine learning algorithms, (ii) Sensitive attribute encryption instead of entire attributes, (iii) To reduce cloud storage space and encryption time without compromising data owner privacy. Our experimental results shows that, the proposed method takes minimal processing time, better classification accuracy and minimal memory space with high security to selected attributes as compared to existing classification and security techniques. Hence, sensitive data security and privacy is achieved with minimal storage cost.

In the XXI century, the Arctic is a matter of tremendous interest of many parties, including countries, large companies and international organisations. The following factors catalyse the interest: the fragile environment, technological progress, rich resource base and unresolved border disputes.\nAlthough the development of the Russian Arctic is mainly based on the Soviet experience, the challenges call for the elaboration of a new approach. We believe that this approach should combine regional and federal goals, and derive from the Arctic specificity. The authors try to find the balance between common and specific, using transaction cost theory approach. We use successful LNG projects as a great example of how companies benefit from the Arctic particularities instead of fighting against them.\nThe analysis of the region’s history and current economic structure has proved that further development is connected to the creation of long value chains. Further on, the new approach should benefit from economies of scale, and recognise the influence of remoteness, seasonality and absence of local markets on economic activity. We think that a combination of local knowledge, human capital and technology could significantly change the situation.\nWithout any doubt, institutional arrangements will be needed, as well as new technologies, public support and infrastructure investment. However, we believe that these measures will have a positive influence not only on the regional economy but on the country in general.

This study aims to determine the basic effect of earning power partially on the stock price of PT\nUltrajaya Milk Industry & Trading Company tbk .; the effect of partial earnings after tax on the\nstock price of PT Ultrajaya Milk Industry & Trading Company Tbk .; and the effect of basic\nearnings power and earning after tax simultaneously on the stock price of PT Ultrajaya Milk\nIndustry & Trading Company Tbk. The theoretical framework used in this study is to refer to some\nof the opinions of financial experts and the results of previous studies stating that the higher the level\nof basic earnings power and earnings after tax, the higher the effect on stock prices. The variables\nused are basic earnings power and earnings after tax as independent variables and stock prices as the\ndependent variable. This research uses quantitative research methods. The data used in this research\nis secondary data. The data used in this study is in the form of financial statements of PT Ultrajaya\nMilk Industry & Trading Company Tbk. the period 2006-2017 originating from the website pages\nprovided by the ultrajaya company. The results of this study indicate that: (1) the basic earnings\npartially have a weak relationship and the effect is not significant on shares in PT Ultrajaya Milk\nIndustry & Trading Company Tbk. (2) partially earnings after tax has a moderate relationship and\nhas a significant effect on the Share Price of PT Ultrajaya Milk Industri & Trading Company Tbk.\n(3) Simultaneously basic earnings power and earnings after tax have a moderate relationship and a\nnon-significant effect on the Share Price of PT Ultrajaya Milk Industri & Trading Company Tbk.

This study aims to determine the basic effect of earning power partially on the stock price of PT Ultrajaya Milk Industry & Trading Company tbk .; the effect of partial earnings after tax on the stock price of PT Ultrajaya Milk Industry & Trading Company Tbk .; and the effect of basic earnings power and earning after tax simultaneously on the stock price of PT Ultrajaya Milk Industry & Trading Company Tbk. The theoretical framework used in this study is to refer to some of the opinions of financial experts and the results of previous studies stating that the higher the level of basic earnings power and earnings after tax, the higher the effect on stock prices. The variables used are basic earnings power and earnings after tax as independent variables and stock prices as the dependent variable. This research uses quantitative research methods. The data used in this research is secondary data. The data used in this study is in the form of financial statements of PT Ultrajaya Milk Industry & Trading Company Tbk. the period 2006-2017 originating from the website pages provided by the ultrajaya company. The results of this study indicate that: (1) the basic earnings partially have a weak relationship and the effect is not significant on shares in PT Ultrajaya Milk Industry & Trading Company Tbk. (2) partially earnings after tax has a moderate relationship and has a significant effect on the Share Price of PT Ultrajaya Milk Industri & Trading Company Tbk. (3) Simultaneously basic earnings power and earnings after tax have a moderate relationship and a non-significant effect on the Share Price of PT Ultrajaya Milk Industri & Trading Company Tbk

There are oversized undersized pipes high pressure in the existing system caused by customers at too low demand have been identified and a solution is established using pressure reducing valve. The result showed that the water supply scope was very low which covers only 56.3%, besides water demand and supply of Adwa town were not balanced. The residents of a town used daily water 13.76 litter for different domestic activities with the billed water amount is 69.9%of production and around 30.10%water is considered to be non-revenue (NRW) and the apparent losses and real losses of the town respectively. The other observed problem in Adwa town is recurrent pipe leakage the water distribution network during which the town water utilities do not have an instantaneous rejoinder for maintenance. Therefore, by considering the large water losses of the Adwa town water distribution system, a plan for the rehabilitation and modernization of UWDS must be established, starting with the GI pipes where the largest water losses are recorded.