Schools in high latitude regions increasingly teach climate topics through bilingual programs, yet classroom methods often privilege translation over conceptual understanding. This mixed methods study observed 28 teachers and surveyed 603 students in public middle schools. We found that place based projects, dual language glossaries, and peer explanation circles significantly improved retention of climate process concepts and student participation. Teacher workload remained manageable when materials were co developed at district level. The study suggests that bilingual climate instruction can strengthen scientific literacy and civic engagement when pedagogical design emphasizes local examples and collaborative language use.

Cold chain delivery in remote northern districts depends on freeze thaw roads whose reliability shifts weekly. We designed a simulation framework that integrates weather forecasts, vehicle constraints, storage capacity, and clinic demand uncertainty. Scenario analysis for a six month campaign showed that adaptive routing with two buffer hubs reduced stockout days by 34 percent compared with fixed schedules. The model also cut fuel consumption and emergency resupply trips, improving both cost and continuity. Results provide an operational template for public health teams planning resilient vaccine distribution under unstable winter transport conditions.

Seasonal river ice break routes are dynamic pathways for local transport and potential pollutant redistribution, yet micro plastic monitoring is rarely aligned with community movement data. We combined participatory route mapping with standardized water and slush sampling at 36 points across one thaw cycle. Concentrations were highest near temporary unloading zones and declined downstream where flow velocity increased. Community co monitoring improved sampling frequency and reduced field costs by nearly one third. The integrated protocol offers a scalable method for tracking plastic exposure in cold river systems while supporting local stewardship and practical risk communication.

Energy transition policies in windy island settlements often assume linear shifts from diesel and coal to electric heating, but household behavior remains mixed. Using interviews, meter records, and participatory mapping in four settlements, we observed persistent energy stacking during peak cold weeks. Households alternated fuels to manage volatility in electricity reliability and upfront appliance costs. Awareness of black carbon impacts was moderate yet actionable when linked to visible local indicators such as snow darkening near homes. We propose phased incentives that combine appliance financing, neighborhood demonstration units, and winter maintenance support to accelerate cleaner heating adoption without increasing energy poverty.

Distributed clinics in cold territories often triage frostbite with limited specialist support, causing delayed referral in moderate and severe cases. We developed a compact machine learning triage tool using symptom checklists, skin image descriptors, and exposure duration collected from 1,286 historical consultations. In prospective testing across seven clinics, the model raised sensitivity for severe cases from 0.71 to 0.88 while keeping nurse workflow under three minutes per patient. Clinicians reported improved confidence in referral decisions. The study highlights how practical decision support can strengthen emergency pathways where specialist access is constrained by distance and weather.

Rapid dietary transition in cold regions is reshaping health outcomes for younger populations who travel frequently between peri urban settlements and city centers. We surveyed 412 students and linked food diaries with step count logs and household heating expenditure. Results show that irregular mobility during severe weather increases reliance on processed foods and lowers micronutrient diversity. However, targeted school meal programs with local fish and root vegetables improved diet quality and attendance. The findings support integrated policy combining transport reliability, seasonal food access, and youth focused nutrition planning in high latitude communities.

This study presents a community led sea ice forecasting framework tested in small northern ports where institutional observation is sparse. Local fishers installed low cost temperature and salinity nodes and shared daily ice observations through a mobile form. We combined the local stream with open satellite data using a lightweight probabilistic model that can run offline. Across two winter seasons, forecast lead time improved by 28 percent and false alarm days were reduced by 19 percent. The approach demonstrates that practical, low budget systems can strengthen safety planning and logistics in remote cold regions.

Heavy metals (HMs) in aquatic environments pose a potential risk to the survival of aquatic insects. These metals are common pollutants in water bodies and tend to sink and accumulate in sediments. This study examined the distribution of aquatic insects and their correlation with HMs concentrations in the waters of Ardahan, Kars and Iğdır provinces in Northeast Anatolia (Türkiye), bordering the Caucasus mountain range. In this region, HMs pollution is generally low because of minimal motorized traffic and limited industrial activity. Correlation analysis revealed positive relationships between insect abundance and Mo (r =0.55), Co (r =0.49), Ni (r =0.42), and Fe (r =0.41). In contrast, As showed a weak correlation (r =+0.08), while Si (r =-0.13) and Hg (r =-0.12) exhibited slight negative associations. Silicon dominates in Ardahan due to siliceous volcanic sedimentary geology with Cd and Pb largely absent, Kars exhibits extremely high Al and Fe with localized As enrichment from basalticvolcanic and hydrothermal inputs and Iğdır shows moderate overall levels with the exception of extreme Fe and As linked to Mount Ağrı's volcanism and alluvial sediment transport. These patterns suggest a complex, nonlinear ecological response to varying element levels. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that sufficient insect samples were obtained from sites with relatively low HMs concentrations. These findings provide valuable insights into the dynamics of HMs in minimally industrialized freshwater systems and can inform future monitoring and assessments in both natural and industrial areas.